Rarely Diagnosed: Reduced Brain White Matter
Overview Reduced brain white matter, medically known as white matter disease or leukoaraiosis , refers to the degeneration or loss of white matter in the brain. White matter consists of nerve fibers that act like communication highways, transmitting signals between various brain regions. Damage to this network can result in a wide range of cognitive, motor, and emotional impairments. Despite its significant impact, reduced white matter often goes undiagnosed or misattributed to aging or other neurological conditions. What Is White Matter? White matter is made up of myelinated axons —nerve fibers coated in a fatty substance called myelin , which facilitates the rapid transmission of electrical signals in the brain. Myelin ensures that brain communication remains smooth and efficient. When myelin or the nerve fibers themselves are damaged, the brain's ability to send and receive messages is compromised. Causes of Reduced White Matter The causes of white matter reduction can b...